همکاری با انجمن روان‌شناسی صنعتی و سازمانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه آموزشی مدیریت، مؤسسه آموزش عالی جهاد دانشگاهی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

دانستن اصول رفتار سازمانی برای مدیران اهمیت دارد. یکی از مبانی مدیریت در سازمان‌ها داشتن اطلاعات درباره نگرش‌های کارکنان می‌باشد. نگرش کارکنان بر عملکرد آن‌ها تأثیر می‌گذارد. نگرش‌های شغلی کارکنان و مدیریت آن‌ها می‌تواند منافع زیادی برای سازمان داشته باشد، زیرا نگرش‌ها معمولاً یکی از پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های اساسی رفتار هستند. نگرش شغلی، نوعی احساس فرد نسبت به شغلش است که ناشی از عواملی مانند ماهیت شغل، عوامل سازمانی، عوامل محیطی و نیز عوامل فردی است. نگرش‌های اصلی و مهمی که در تحقیق حاضر به آن‌ها پرداخته می‌شود شامل: خشنودی شغلی، دلبستگی شغلی، تعهد سازمانی و حمایت سازمانی ادراک­شده هستند. از این رو، هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی کیفی وضعیت موجود نگرش‌های شغلی در بین کارکنان شرکت پالایش گاز بیدبلند است. جامعه آماری تحقیق کلیه مدیران و کارکنان رسمی، قراردادی و پیمانی شرکت پالایش گاز بیدبلند بود که تعداد 50 نفر از آن‌ها با روش گلوله برفی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته بود. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل محتوای کیفی استفاده شد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل نشان داد که در مجموع 4 متغیر، 20 بُعد و 27 مؤلفه برای چهار نگرش شغلی مورد بررسی حاصل شد. تعداد 8 بُعد و 15 مؤلفه برای متغیر خشنودی شغلی؛ تعداد 3 بُعد و 3 مؤلفه برای متغیر تعهد سازمانی؛ تعداد 5 بُعد و 5 مؤلفه برای متغیر حمایت سازمانی ادراک­شده و تعداد 4 بُعد و 4 مؤلفه برای متغیر دلبستگی شغلی به‌دست ‌آمد. با توجه به اینکه نگرش‌های شغلی بر رفتارهای کارکنان در سازمان‌ها تأثیر می‌گذارد، با شناخت نگرش‌های شغلی می‌توان از بسیاری از رویدادهای شغلی مانند فرسودگی شغلی، بی‌علاقگی، سوء رفتارهای مختلف و درنهایت جابجایی و ترک شغل جلوگیری کرد و این برای مدیران سازمان‌ها بسیار مفید است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Employees' Job Attitudes in Bidboland Gas Refining Company and Providing Improvement Strategies: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Nadaf 1
  • Mahta Joodzadeh 2

1 1. Associate Professor, Department of Business Management, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

2 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Khuzestan University Jihad Higher Education Institute, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Managers need to know the principles of organizational behavior. One of the basics of management in organizations is having information about employees' attitudes. Employees' attitudes can affect their performance. Considering employees' job attitudes can be of great benefit for organization, because attitudes are one of the basic predictors of behavior. Job attitude is a kind of feeling towards one's job that is result of factors such as the nature of the job, organizational, environmental, and also individual factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate qualitatively the employees’ job attitudes in Bidboland Gas Refining Company. The main and important attitudes that are addressed in the present study include job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment, and perceived organizational support. Among the proposed attitudes, job involvement can act as a key attitude for the organization, because job involvement leads to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, especially emotional and normative commitment, and desire to stay in job. Job involvement also reduces absenteeism and turnover and increases positive and voluntary behaviors such as humanitarian actions.
 
Method
The statistical population of the study was all managers and employees of Bidboland Gas Refining Company. 50 employees were selected by snowball method as research sample. The instrument was semi-structured interviews, and qualitative content analysis was used for data analysis.
 
Results
The results showed that a total of 4 variables, 20 dimensions and 27 components were obtained for the four job attitudes. 8 dimensions and 15 components for the job satisfaction; 3 dimensions and 3 components for the organizational commitment; 5 dimensions and 5 components for the perceived organizational support, and 4 dimensions and 4 components were obtained for the job involvement variable.
 
Discussion
Given that job attitudes affect the behaviors of employees in organizations, by recognizing job attitudes, many job events such as job burnout, apathy, various misconduct, and finally  leaving the job can be prevented. And this is very useful for managers of organizations.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Job attitude
  • job satisfaction
  • organizational commitment
  • perceived organizational support
  • job invovement
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