نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران
3 دکتری مشاوره، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی فرسودگی شغلی بر اساس ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و تحریفات شناختی با نقش واسطه‌ای دشواری تنظیم هیجانی و همجوشی شناختی در پرستاران صورت پذیرفت. پژوهش حاضر جز تحقیقات توصیفی و از نوع معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه پرستاران در استان کردستان در سال 1401 بودند که براساس قاعده «کلاین» برای نمونه‌گیری در معادلات ساختاری، 234 نفر به روش در دسترس انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامه پنج عامل بزرگ شخصیت (McCrae & Costa, 1992) (NEO)، مقیاس دشواری‌های تنظیم هیجان (Gratz & Roemer, 2004)، پرسش‌نامه تحریف‌های شناختی (Abdullahzadeh, 2010)، پرسش‌نامه استاندارد همجوشی شناختی (Gillanders et al., 2014) و پرسش‌نامه فرسودگی شغلی (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از معادلات ساختاری با نرم‌افزار Amos-22 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن بود، مدل بررسی فرسودگی شغلی براساس ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و تحریفات شناختی با نقش واسطه‌ای دشواری تنظیم هیجانی و همجوشی شناختی در پرستاران دارای برازش مطلوبی می‌باشد. تحریفات شناختی (01/0>p، 23/8= t)، روانرنجورخویی (01/0>p، 91/5= t)، دشواری تنظیم هیجانی (01/0 >p، 85/2 = t) و همجوشی شناختی (01/0>p، 94/2= t) اثر مستقیم مثبت و معنی‌دار، همچنین گشودگی (01/0 >p، 14/3-= t) و وجدانگرایی (01/0>p، 75/3- =t) اثر مستقیم منفی و معنی‌دار بر فرسودگی شغلی دارد. نتایج آزمون سوبل نشان داد اثر غیرمستقیم روانرنجورخویی (05/0>p، 11/0β=) و تحریفات شناختی (05/0>p، 07/0β=) به‌واسطه دشواری تنظیم هیجان بر فرسودگی شغلی مثبت و معنی‌دار می‌باشد، همچنین اثر غیرمستقیم تحریفات شناختی (05/0>p، 16/0β=) به‌واسطه همجوشی شناختی بر فرسودگی شغلی مثبت، در عین‌حال اثر غیرمستقیم برون‌گرایی (01/0>p، 33/0- β=) و وجدانگرایی (01/0>p، 13/0-β=) به‌واسطه‌ی همجوشی شناختی بر فرسودگی شغلی منفی و معنی‌دار می‌باشد. در این راستا تغییر و بهبود ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و تحریفات شناختی در کنار کاهش دشواری تنظیم هیجانی و همجوشی شناختی زمینه برای کاهش فرسودگی شغلی در پرستاران ایجاد می‌نماید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Relationship of Personality Traits and Cognitive Distortions with Job Burnout: Mediating Role of Emotional Regulation Difficulties and Cognitive Fusion
نویسندگان [English]
- Barzan Soleimani 1
- Anvar Dastbaz 2
- Arman Azizi 3
1 MA of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Razi University Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 PhD of Counseling, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction
The concept of job burnout is described as a complex and long-term response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stress in the workplace, characterized by specific symptoms. It is noted that job burnout can have negative effects on individuals' emotional, mental, and physical health, as well as their work-related behaviors. The present study was conducted with the aim of Examining the relationship between job burnout, personality traits, and cognitive distortions with the mediating role of emotional regulation difficulties and cognitive fusion among nurses. )McCrae & Costa Jr, 1992(.
Method
This study is a quantitative research using structural equation modeling and descriptive research of the correlational type. The population consists of all nurses with over two years of experience in government hospitals in Kurdistan province in 2022. The sample size was estimated using the Kline method and 234 participants were chosen. The Big Five Personality Traits Questionnaire (McCrae & Costa Jr, 1992), Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (Gillanders et al., 2010), Cognitive Distortions Scale (Abdullahzadeh, 2010) and Job Burnout Scale (Maslach & Jackson, 1981), were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with Amos-22 software.
Results
The findings of this study indicate that the model of examining job burnout based on personality traits and cognitive distortions with the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties and cognitive fusion fits well in nurses. Cognitive distortions (p<0.01, t=8.23), Neuroticism (p<0.01, t=5.91), emotion regulation difficulties (p<0.01, t=2.85), and cognitive fusion (p<0.01, t=2.94) have a direct and significant positive effect, while openness (p<0.01, t=-3.14) and conscientiousness (p<0.01, t=-3.75) have a direct and significant negative effect on job burnout. The results of the Sobel test showed that the indirect effect of Neuroticism (p<0.05, β=0.11) and cognitive distortions (p<0.05, β=0.07) on job burnout through emotion regulation difficulties is positive and significant. Additionally, the indirect effect of cognitive distortions (p<0.05, β=0.16) on job burnout through cognitive fusion is positive, while the indirect effects of extraversion (p<0.01, β=-0.33) and conscientiousness (p<0.01, β=-0.13) on job burnout through cognitive fusion are negative and significant.
Discussion
In this regard, selecting employees according with personality traits and cognitive abilities, along with reducing the difficulty of emotional regulation and cognitive fusion, creates a basis for reducing job burnout.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- job burnout
- personality traits
- cognitive distortions
- difficulty in emotion regulation
- cognitive fusion
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