طراحی و آزمودن الگویی از پیشایندهای قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه دانشجویان: نقش میانجی‌گر ترس ادراک‌شده و نقش تعدیل‌گر جنسیت

محمدی, سارا; درزیان عزیزی, عبدالهادی; ارزانی بیرگانی, مازیار

doi:10.22055/jiops.2023.42183.1310

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

² استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

³ کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22055/jiops.2023.42183.1310

چکیده

امروزه کارآفرینی به ‌عنوان یکی از حیاتی‌ترین موضوعات و موتور محرکه اصلی در توسعه اقتصادی کشورها مطرح است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، طراحی و آزمون مدلی از پیشایندهای قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه دانشجویان با‌ توجه به نقش میانجی‌گر ترس ادراک‌شده و نقش تعدیل‌گر جنسیت بود. پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه دانشجویان کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز بود که به‌دلیل دشواری دسترسی به همه آن‌ها، ۳۶۷ نفر به شیوه نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، پرسش‌نامه الهام کارآفرینانه (سویتاریس و همکاران، 2007)، طرز تفکر کارآفرینانه (کوی و همکاران، 2021)، قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه (ولییر، 2015) و پرسش‌نامه ‌ترس ادراک‌شده (دنیز و همکاران، 2011‌‌ و کالینز، 2007) استفاده شد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌های پژوهش از طریق الگویابی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار SmartPLS نشان داد که الهام کارآفرینانه بر طرز تفکر کارآفرینانه (0/634) و بر قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه (0/145) تأثیر مثبت معنی‌دار دارد. همچنین طرز تفکر کارآفرینانه بر ترس ادراک‌شده تأثیر منفی معنی‌دار (0/693-) و بر قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه تأثیر مثبت معنی‌دار (0/397) دارد و ترس ادراک‌شده بر قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه تأثیر منفی معنی‌دار (0/326-) دارد. مقادیر ضریب تعیین نشان داد که حدود 60 درصد از واریانس قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه از طریق الهام و طرز تفکر کارآفرینانه و ترس ادراک‌شده تبیین می‌شود. نتایج بررسی فرضیه‌های غیرمستقیم نشان داد که رابطه طرز تفکر کارآفرینانه با قصد رفتار کارافرینانه از طریق ترس ادارک‌شده معنی‌دار می‌باشد اما رابطه الهام کارآفرینانه با قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه از طریق ترس ادراک‌شده معنی‌دار نمی‌باشد. علاوه براین، جنسیت تأثیر ترس ادراک‌شده بر قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه را تعدیل می‌کند. یافته‌ها بیان‌گر آن است که الهام‌بخشی کارآفرینانه به‌طور مستقیم و غیر‌مستقیم به‌واسطه طرز تفکر کارآفرینانه، تمایل دانشجویان را به رفتار کارآفرینانه افزایش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing and Testing a Model of Antecedents of Students’ Entrepreneurial Behavior Intention: The Mediating Role of Perceived Fear and the Moderating Role of Gender

نویسندگان [English]

Sara Mohammadi ¹
Abdolhadi Darzian Azizi ²
Maziyar Arzani Birgani ³

¹ Associate Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

³ MA of Business Administration, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Nowadays, entrepreneurship is considered as one of the most crucial topics and the main driving force in the economic development of the countries. The purpose of the current research was to design and test a model of the antecedents of students' entrepreneurial behavior intention with the mediation role of perceived fear and the moderating role of gender.

Method
The present research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the research included all undergraduate and graduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, and due to the difficulty of accessing all of them, 367 students were selected through convenience sampling method. For data collection, the Entrepreneurial Inspiration (Souitaris et al., 2007), the Entrepreneurial Mindset (Cui et al., 2021), the Entrepreneurial Intention (Valliere, 2015), and the Perceived Fear Questionnaires (Deniz et al., 2011& Collins, 2007) were used.

Results
The results of research data analysis through structural equation modeling in SmartPLS software showed that entrepreneurial inspiration has a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial thinking (0.634) and on entrepreneurial behavior intention (0.145). Also, entrepreneurial thinking has a significant negative effect on perceived fear (-0.693) and a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial behavior intention (0.397), and perceived fear has a significant negative effect on entrepreneurial behavior intention (-0.326). in addition, the value of the coefficient of determination showed that about 60% of the variance of entrepreneurial behavior intention is explained through entrepreneurial inspiration, mindset, and perceived fear. The results of investigating indirect hypotheses showed that the relationship between entrepreneurial mindset and entrepreneurial behavior intention through perceived fear is significant, but the relationship between entrepreneurial inspiration and entrepreneurial behavior intention through perceived fear is not significant. In addition, gender moderates the effect of perceived fear on entrepreneurial behavior intention.

Discussion
The findings indicated that entrepreneurial inspiration directly and indirectly increases students' desire for entrepreneurial behavior through entrepreneurial thinking.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

entrepreneurial inspiration
entrepreneurial mindset
entrepreneurial behavior intention
perceived fear

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مطالعات روانشناسی صنعتی و سازمانی

طراحی و آزمودن الگویی از پیشایندهای قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه دانشجویان: نقش میانجی‌گر ترس ادراک‌شده و نقش تعدیل‌گر جنسیت

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 10، شماره 2
آذر 1402
صفحه 209-224

طراحی و آزمودن الگویی از پیشایندهای قصد رفتار کارآفرینانه دانشجویان: نقش میانجی‌گر ترس ادراک‌شده و نقش تعدیل‌گر جنسیت

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 10، شماره 2آذر 1402صفحه 209-224

دوره 10، شماره 2
آذر 1402
صفحه 209-224