الگوی ساختاری رابطه اضطراب کووید-19، کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی با فرسودگی شغلی: نقش میانجی‌گر حمایت اجتماعی

پورفرجی, سید فرج; حمید, نجمه; طاهری, افسانه

doi:10.22055/jiops.2024.45671.1392

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی بالینی، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه‌ آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

² استاد گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

³ استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه‌ آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22055/jiops.2024.45671.1392

چکیده

فرسودگی شغلی تهدیدی برای سلامت روانی معلمان و محیط‌های آموزشی و سازمانی محسوب می‌شود و شناسایی عوامل روان‌شناختی مؤثر بر آن اهمیت خاصی دارد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مدل ساختاری فرسودگی شغلی بر اساس اضطراب بیماری کرونا، کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی با توجه به نقش میانجی‌گر حمایت اجتماعی بود. روش تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی-همبستگی بود. تعداد 365 معلم از معلمان ناحیه چهار آموزش و پرورش اهواز به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار این پژوهش شامل فرسودگی شغلی (مسلچ، 1981)، اضطراب بیماری کرونا (علی‌پور و همکاران، 1398)، کیفیت زندگی (سازمان بهداشت جهانی، 1996)، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی (ریف، 1989) و حمایت اجتماعی (فیلیپس،‌ 1986) می‌باشد. ارزیابی الگوی پیشنهادی از طریق الگویابی معادلات ساختاری و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار‌های SPSS-26 و AMOS-24 انجام گرفت. جهت آزمودن‌ اثرات غیر‌مستقیم از روش بوت استراپ استفاده شد. تحلیل‌های الگویابی معادلات ساختاری برازندگی الگوی پیشنهادی را با داده‌ها مورد حمایت قرار دادند. نتایج حاکی از این است که اضطراب بیماری کرونا بر فرسودگی شغلی اثر مثبت معنی‌دار دارد. کیفیت زندگی و نیز بهزیستی روان‌شناختی بر فرسودگی شغلی اثر منفی معنی‌دار دارند. حمایت اجتماعی بر فرسودگی شغلی اثر منفی معنی‌دار دارد. اضطراب بیماری کرونا بر حمایت اجتماعی اثر منفی معنی‌دار دارد. کیفیت زندگی و نیز بهزیستی روان‌شناختی بر حمایت اجتماعی اثر مثبت معنی‌دار دارند. اضطراب بیماری کرونا، کیفیت زندگی و نیز بهزیستی روان‌شناختی از طریق حمایت اجتماعی بر فرسودگی شغلی اثر غیر‌مستقیم معنی‌دار داشتند. به عبارت دیگر، ‌متغیر حمایت اجتماعی توانست نقش میانجی را در مسیرهای غیر‌مستقیم ایفا نماید. مطابق با این یافته‌ها‌ می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که با افزایش کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و کاهش اضطراب بیماری کرونا می‌توان میزان حمایت اجتماعی معلمان را افزایش داد تا این عوامل در کنار یکدیگر شرایط کاهنده فرسودگی شغلی را فراهم سازند و علاوه بر حفظ و ارتقای سلامت روان معلمان، شرایط را برای کاهش پیامدهای منفی مانند غیبت و میل به ترک شغل برای سازمان فراهم سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Structural Model of Relationship between Covid-19 Anxiety, Quality of Life and Psychological Well-Being with Job Burnout: Mediating Role of Social Support

نویسندگان [English]

Syed Faraj Porfarji ¹
Najmeh Hamid ²
Afsana Taheri ³

¹ PhD Student of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Roudhen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudhen, Iran

² Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

³ 3. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Roudhen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudhen, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Burnout is considered a threat to the mental health of teachers and educational and organizational environments, and identifying the psychological factors affecting it is of particular importance. The purpose of this research was to investigate an structural model of relationship between covid-19 anxiety, quality of life and psychological well-being with job burnout considering the mediating role of social support.

Method
The current research method was descriptive-correlation. 365 teachers from the fourth education district of Ahvaz were selected by random sampling method as research sample. The instrument of this research included job burnout (Meslech, 1981), Covid-19 Anxiety (Alipour et al., 2018), quality of life (World Health Organization, 1996), psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989) and social support (Phillips, 1986). Evaluation of the proposed model was done through structural equation modeling and using SPSS-26 and AMOS-24 softwares. In order to test the indirect effects, the bootstrap method was used.
Results
Structural equation modeling analysis supported the fit of the proposed model with the data. The results indicated that corona disease anxiety has a significant positive effect on job burnout. Quality of life and psychological well-being have significant negative effects on job burnout. Social support has a significant negative effect on job burnout. Corona disease anxiety has a significant negative effect on social support. Quality of life and psychological well-being have significant positive effects on social support. Corona disease anxiety, quality of life, and psychological well-being through social support have significant indirect effects on job burnout.

Discussion
According to these findings, it can be concluded that by increasing the quality of life and psychological well-being and reducing the anxiety of COVID-19, the level of social support of teachers can be increased so that these factors together provide them with conditions that reduce job burnout and in addition, maintaining and improving the mental health of teachers, it provided conditions for the organization to reduce negative consequences such as absence from work and turnover.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

job burnout
Covid-19 anxiety
quality of life
psychological well-being
social support

مراجع

Acton, R., & Glasgow, P. (2015). Teacher wellbeing in neoliberal contexts: A review of the literature. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 40(8), 99-114. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte 2015v40n8.6

Afshari, A., & Rezaei, R. (2022). The relationship between social support and coping styles with the psychological well-being of the elderly: The mediating role of self-esteem. Psychology of Aging, 8(4), 401-418. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22126/jap.2019.1180

Aghaari Heer, T., Qasimzadeh, D., & Ebrahimi Orang, A. (2016). The relationship between social support and quality of life related to the health of the elderly in Tabriz. Journal of Gerontology, 2(1), 20-27. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.29252/joge.2.1.20

Akbari, R., Ghaffar Samar, R., Kayani, G., & Ekhami, A. (2011). Factorial validity of the psychometric properties of the Meslech burnout questionnaire (Persian version). Knowledge and Health Quarterly. Shahrood University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 6(3), 1-8. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v6i3.99

Akbarvand, T., Mirhashmi, M., & Beshardost, S. (2021). Examining the structural relationships of covid-19 disease anxiety based on cognitive flexibility with the mediating role of perceived social support in students. Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, 21(3), 296-308. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.52547/jarums.21.3.295

Alipour, A., Kadami, A., Alipour, Z., & Abdullahzadeh, H. (2019). Preliminary validation of Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) in Iranian sample. Cientific-Research Quarterly of Health Psychology, 8(32), 163-175. (Persian) dor:20.1001.1.23221283.1398.8.32.10.8

Alsubaie, M. M., Stain, H. J., Webster, L. A. D., & Wadman, R. (2019). The role of sources of social support on depression and quality of life for university students. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 24(4), 484-496. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2019.1568887

Alves, P. C., Oliveira, A. D. F., & Paro, H. B. M. D. S. (2019). Quality of life and burnout among faculty members: How much does the field of knowledge matter? PLoS One, 14(3), e0214217. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214217

Amani, A., Ahmadi, S., & Hamidi, O. (2017). The effectiveness of meaning therapy in a group way, on self-esteem and psychological well-being of female students with love trauma syndrome. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(3), 71-86. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22108/ppls.2019.113114.1531

Arifnejad, M., Fathi Chegani, F., & Omidnejad, M. (2021). The effect of the stress of corona infection on nurses' burnout with the moderating role of psychological capital. Ergonomics Magazine, 2, 58-68. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.30699/jergon.9.2.58

Basharti, F., Farahbad, F., Youssef Pourgolsafidi, F., & Pourqana, P. (2018). Investigating the relationship between job burnout and the quality of life of nurses in Gilan University of Medical Sciences hospitals. Khazar Health and Aging Journal, Fatemeh Zahra School of Midwifery Nursing (S) Ramsar, 4(2), 1-9. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22088/cjhaa.4.2.1

Behmai, J., Ganjali, P., & Kharazinejad, I. (2022). The relationship between social support and quality of life related to the health of the elderly in Abadan. Journal of Health Research in Society, 8(3), 39-48. (Persian) dor:20.1001.1.24236772.1401.8.3.4.1

Bidzan-Bluma, I., Bidzan, M., Jurek, P., Bidzan, L., Knietzsch, J., … & Bidzan, M. (2020). A Polish and German population study of quality of life, well-being, and life satisfaction in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.585813

Bonomi, A. E., Patrick, D. L., Bushnell, D. M., & Martin, M. (2000). Validation of the United States' version of the world health organization quality of life (WHOQOL) instrument. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 53(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00123-7

Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., … & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet, 395, 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30460-8

Caglar, K., & Altunkurt, Y. (2018). Role of psychological and structural empowerment in the relationship between teacher’s psychological capital and their levels of burnout. Education and Science, 43(193), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.15390/eb.2018.6961

Çelmeçe, N., & Menekay, M. (2020). The effect of stress, anxiety and burnout levels of healthcare professionals caring for COVID-19 patients on their quality of life. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 3329. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.597624

Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 38(5), 300-314. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003

Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (2013). A first course in factor analysis. Psychology Press. 2nd ed. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315827506-17

Dodge, R., Daly, A. P., Huyton, J., & Sanders, L. D. (2012). The challenge of defining wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 2(3), 222-235. https://doi.org/10.5502 w 2134

Ebrahimi, H., Jafarjalal, E., Lotfolahzadeh, A., & Kharghani Moghadam, S. M. (2021). The effect of workload on nurses’ quality of life with moderating perceived social support during the COVID-19 pandemic. Work, 70(2), 347-354. https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-210559

Fatima, S., Sharif, S., & Khalid, I. (2018). How does religiosity enhance psychological well-being? Roles of self-efficacy and perceived social support. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 10(2), 119. https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000168

Felce, D., & Perry, J. (1995). Quality of life: Its definition and measurement. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 16(1), 51-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-4222(94)00028-8

Frosat, H., Momeni, H., & Toosi, A. R. (2019). The effect of psychological well-being on job burnout of Khorram Abad highway police officers. Quarterly Journal of Traffic Management Studies, 54, 91-114. (Persian) https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/1606139/

George, R., & Reyes, M. E. S. (2017). Burnout as a predictor of quality of life among selected Filipino nurses. Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing, 8(7), 691-696. https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/ijhw/article/view/156854

Hosseininia, N., & Hatami, H. R. (2018). Prediction of quality of life based on psychological well-being and resilience in retirees. Knowledge and Research Quarterly in Applied Psychology, 20(75), 81-91. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.30486/jsrp.2019.663546

Jafari, F. (2008). Comparison of quality of life, social support and general health of HIV positive people and normal people of Ahvaz city. Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz branch. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.30486/jsrp.2019.663546

Jafarian Firouzabadi, F., & Shamali Ahmadabadi, M. (2021). Investigating the role of corona anxiety on teachers' occupational stress. Afaq Human Sciences Monthly, 5(48), 35-45. (Persian) http://pazhouheshha.ir/List.aspx?volume=12059

Kang, H. W., Park, M., & Wallace, J. P. (2018). The impact of perceived social support, loneliness, and physical activity on quality of life in South Korean older adults. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 7(2), 237-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2016.05.003

Karimi, L., Makundi, S., Mahdovian, M., & Khalili, R. (2019). Investigating the relationship between social support and anxiety caused by the covid-19 epidemic in pregnant women. Iranian Journal of Women, Midwifery and Infertility, 23(10), 9-17. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22038/ijogi.2020.17482

Kaufman, A. V., Kosberg, J. I., Leeper, J. D., & Tang, M. (2010). Social support, caregiver burden, and life satisfaction in a sample of rural African American and White caregivers of older persons with dementia. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 53(3), 251-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/01634370903478989

Kern, M. L., Waters, L. E., Adler, A., & White, M. A. (2015). A multidimensional approach to measuring well-being in students: Application of the PERMA framework. Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(3), 262-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.936962

Khanna, D., & Tsevat, J. (2007). Health-related quality of life-an introduction. American Journal of Managed Care, 13(9), S218. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18095785/

Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. NY, New York: Guilford Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2010-18801-000

Lakey, B., & Cohen, S. (2000). Social support theory and measurement. In S. Cohen, L.G. Underwood, & Gottlieb (Eds.). Social Support Measurement and Intervention: A Guide for Health and Social Scientists (Pp. 29-52). Oxford University Press., 29–52. APA psycNet. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/psych/9780195126709.003.0002

Lin, C.Y. (2020). Social reaction toward the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Social Health and Behavior, 3(1), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_11_20

Liu, Y., & Aungsuroch, Y. (2019). Work stress, perceived social support, self‐efficacy and burnout among Chinese registered nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(7), 1445-1453. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12828

Luo, F., Gheshlagh, R. G., Dalvand, S., Saedmoucheshi, S., & Li, Q. (2021). Systematic review and meta-analysis of fear of COVID-19. Frontier Psychology, 12, 661078. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661078

Mahamid, F. A., Veronese, G., & Bdier, D. (2021). Fear of coronavirus (COVID-19) and mental health outcomes in Palestine: The mediating role of social support. Current Psychology, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02395-y

Mahdi, M., Ghafari, H., Ahang, F., Shayani, M., & Puranjanar, G. (2021). Investigating the effect of perceived social support on psychological well-being with the mediating role of resilience. Journal of Military Psychology, 12(47), 7-26. (Persian) https://jmp.ihu.ac.ir/article_206753.html

Maslach, C. (2001). What have we learned about burnout and health? Psychology & Health, 16(5), 607-611. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440108405530

Maslach, C. Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Maslach burnout inventory manual. Palo Alto, Calif: Cousulting Psychologists Press. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397

Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2(1), 99-113. http://www.aagbi.org/sites/default/files/Maslach.pdf

Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397

Montazeri, A., Nejat, S., Halakui Mayini, K., Mohammad, K., & Majdzadeh, S. R. (2006). Standardization of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF): Translation and psychometrics of the Iranian version. Journal of Health Faculty and Health Research Institute, 4(4), 1-12. (Persian) https://sjsph.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=187&sid=1&slc_lang=fa

Muyor-Rodríguez, J., Caravaca-Sánchez, F., & Fernández-Prados, J. S. (2021). COVID-19 fear, resilience, social support, anxiety, and suicide among college students in Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(15), 8156. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158156

Naeem, K., Jawad, A., Rehman, S. U., & Javaid, U. (2021). Psychological wellbeing, job burnout and counter productive work behavior among drivers of car hailing services in Pakistan: Moderating role of captains’ personality traits. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(1), 1-19. https://european-science.com/eojnss/article/view/6117

Narimani, M., & Aini, S. (2021). Causal model of coronavirus anxiety in the elderly based on perceived stress and sense of coherence: The mediating role of perceived social support. Journal of Psychology of Aging, 7(1), 13-27. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22126/jap.2021.6043.1494

Piri, Y., & Zinali, A. (2015). The relationship between perceived social support, social capital and quality of life with nurses' burnout. Nursing Care Research Center of Iran University of Medical Sciences (Iran Nursing Journal), 29(103), 13-23. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.29.103.13

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Spss macro for multiple mediation written by Andrew F. Hayes, The Ohio University. https://quantpsy.org/pubs/preacher_hayes_2008.pdf

Rahimi Kalor, H., & Kazemzadeh, R. (2017). Investigating the relationship between job enthusiasm and psychological well-being with job burnout of teachers in Ardabil city. Journal of School Psychology, 7(4), 69-80. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.22098/jsp.2019.748

Rahmani, R., Sargazi V., Shirazi Jalali, M., & Babamiri, M. (2019). Examining the anxiety caused by Corona and its relationship with burnout among hospital employees: A cross-sectional study in the southeast of Iran. Occupational Health Engineering Journal, 7(4), 61-69. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.52547/johe.7.4.61

Rajab Beigi, M., & Bahmani, A. (2019). Investigating the role of emotional burnout of nurses in the stress of contracting corona virus and accidents caused by work in Sanat Naft Hospital in Tehran. Human Resource Management Quarterly in Oil Industry, 12(46), 57-70. (Persian) https://iieshrm.ir/article-1-1058-fa.html

Rajaei, Z., Shafizadeh, H., Baba Amiri, N., Amirfakhrai, A., & Ashuri, J. (2016). The role of job burnout, perceived social support and psychological toughness in predicting nurses' quality of life. Nursing Care Research Center of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Iran Nursing Journal, 30(106), 1-10. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.30.106.1

Ross, S. W., Romer, N., & Homer, R. H. (2012). Teacher well-being and the implementation of school-wide positive behavior interventions and supports. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 14(2), 118-128. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300711413820

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.57.6.1069

Saberi, H. R., Moravveji, S. A., & Sadaf, M. (2008). Evaluation of occupational burnout and related factors in industry managers. Iran Occupational Health, 5(3), 60-66. (Persian) https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lgtZoIMAAAAJ&hl=en

Saberi, H., Maroji, A., & Naseh, J. (2011). Investigating factors related to job burnout of school teachers in Kashan city in 2016. Southern Medicine Quarterly, Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Institute, 14(1), 41-50. (Persian) https://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=243&sid=1&slc_lang=fa

Salehi, M., Seyyed, F., & Farhangdoust, S. (2020). The impact of personal characteristics, quality of working life and psychological well-being on job burnout among Iranian external auditors. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, 23(3), 189-205. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-09-2018-0104

Seyed Kalan, S. M., Faradi, S., & Zarei, N. (2022). The relationship between coronavirus anxiety and social support and its effects on academic motivation. Powish Journal in Humanities Education, Farhangian University, 27, 91-106. (Persian) https://www.sid.ir/paper/1029640/fa

Sokka, L., Huotilainen, M., Leinikka, M., Korpela, J., Henelius, A., ... & Pakarinen, S. (2014). Alterations in attention capture to auditory emotional stimuli in job burnout: An event-related potential study. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 94(3), 427-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.11.001

Van Leeuwen, C., Post, M. W., Van Asbeck, F. W., Van Der Woude, L. H., De Groot, S., & Lindeman, E. (2010). Social support and life satisfaction in spinal cord injury during and up to one year after inpatient rehabilitation. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 42(3), 265-271. https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0502

Vaux, A., Phillips, J., Holly, L., Thomson, B., Williams, D., & Stewart, D. (1986). The social support appraisals (SS-A) scale: Studies of reliability and validity. American Journal of Community Psychology, 14(2), 195. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00911821

Wallace, C. L., Wladkowski, S. P., Gibson, A., & White, P. (2020). Grief during the COVID-19 pandemic: Considerations for palliative care providers. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 60(1), e 70-e76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.012

Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., … & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729

Wang, L., Wang, H., Shao, S., Jia, G., & Xiang, J. (2020). Job burnout on subjective well-being among Chinese female doctors: The moderating role of perceived social support. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 435. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00435

World Health Organization (2020). Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak. Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/mental-health

Wu, F., Ren, Z., Wang, Q., He, M., Xiong, W., ... & Zhang, X. (2021). The relationship between job stress and job burnout: The mediating effects of perceived social support and job satisfaction. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(2), 204-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1778750

Ye, Z., Yang, X., Zeng, C., Wang, Y., Shen, Z., … & Lin, D. (2020). Resilience, social support, and coping as mediators between COVID‐19‐related stressful experiences and acute stress disorder among college students in China. Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being, 12(4), 1074-1094. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12211

Yenen, E. T., & Carkit, E. (2023). Fear of COVID-19 and general self-efficacy among Turkish teachers: Mediating role of perceived social support. Current Psychology, 42(3), 2529-2537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02306-1

Yıldırım, M., & Solmaz, F. (2020). COVID-19 burnout, COVID-19 stress and resilience: Initial psychometric properties of COVID-19 Burnout Scale. Death Studies, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1818885

Yuh, J., & Choi, S. (2017). Sources of social support, job satisfaction, and quality of life among childcare teachers. The Social Science Journal, 54(4), 450-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2017.08.002

Zhang, H., Ye, Z., Tang, L., Zou, P., Du, C., ... & Mu, S. Y. (2020). Anxiety symptoms and burnout among Chinese medical staff of intensive care unit: The moderating effect of social support. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02603-2

مطالعات روانشناسی صنعتی و سازمانی

الگوی ساختاری رابطه اضطراب کووید-19، کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی با فرسودگی شغلی: نقش میانجی‌گر حمایت اجتماعی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 10، شماره 2
آذر 1402
صفحه 373-394

الگوی ساختاری رابطه اضطراب کووید-19، کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی با فرسودگی شغلی: نقش میانجی‌گر حمایت اجتماعی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 10، شماره 2آذر 1402صفحه 373-394

دوره 10، شماره 2
آذر 1402
صفحه 373-394