Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Payam Noor, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Science and Research, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Work-family conflict is a fundamental issue that affects employees and is one of the most common complaints of any organization. Social capital and organizational commitment can be mentioned among the factors related to work-family conflict. Thus, the aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between social capital and work-family conflicts with the mediating role of organizational commitment.
 
Method
This research is practical regarding the purpose and descriptive regarding the data collection method. The statistical population of this research is all the people working in the bazaar of Tehran. In this research, a convenient sampling method was used. Research tools include the work-family conflict questionnaire of Netmier, Bowles and McMarian (1996), the social capital questionnaire of the American Social Capital Association and the organizational commitment questionnaire of Balfour and Wechsler (1996). SPSS and smartPLS softwares were also used for data analysis.
 
Results
The results showed that the relationship of social capital with organizational commitment, and organizational commitment with work-family conflict are significant. In addition, This research confirmed the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between social capital and work-family conflict.
 
Discussion
The results of the present study showed that organizational commitment can mediate the relationship between work-family conflict and social capital; Therefore, special attention must be paid to organizational commitment.
 

Keywords

Ahangari, J., & Hayati, S. (2017). Studying the relationship between social capital and organizational commitment and communication skills of public relations employees of public organizations in Tabriz. Sociological Studies, 11(41), 95-109. (Persian). https://sanad.iau.ir/en/Article/957820?FullText=FullText.
Ardalan, M., Ghanbari, C., Beheshtirad, R., & Navidi, P. (2014). The effect of social capital and social responsibility on organizational commitment (case study of employees of Razi University of Kermanshah). Quarterly Journal of Educational Measurement and Evaluation Studies, 5(10), 109-132. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22059/JSCM.2020.296470.1971
Arghvan, M., Amini, A., & Alimohammadlou, M. (2022). Modeling the factors affecting work-family conflict and its indicators using the structural-interpretive modeling approach of fuzzy society. Governmental Management, 14(3), 424-478. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22059/JIPA.2022.342270.3150
Balfour, D. L., & Wechsler, B. (1996). Organizational commitment: Antecedents and outcomes in public organizations. Public Productivity & Management Review, 19(3), 256-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92636-0_9.
Blandian Bafghi, Sh., & Sharifi, Kh. (2018). Work-family conflict in Iranian nurses: A systematic review. Iranian Nursing Research Journal, 14(6), 54-60. (Persian). http://ijnr.ir/article-1-2287-en.html.
Djawoto, S. N., Cahyono, K. E., & Widiana, E. (2022). The effect of quality of work-life and work-family conflict on organizational commitment and employee performance in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 5(9), 4244-4255. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i9-36.
Eliyana, A. D., & Pradana, I. I. (2020). The effect of work-family conflict on job satisfaction with organizational commitment as the moderator Variable. Sys Rev Pharm, 11(10), 429-437. https://doi.org/10.31838/srp.2020.10.66.
Farmandeh, I., & Namdar, R. (2018). Investigating the effect of social capital and organizational commitment on organizational learning of the employees of Jihad Keshavarzi organization in Fars province. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Education Research, 12(1), 65-82. (Persian). https://www.sid.ir/paper/357108/en.
Fukuyama F. (1999). Social capital and civil society. Proceedings of the IMF Conference on 2nd Generation Reforms. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/seminar/1999/reforms/fukuyama.htm.
Golparvar, M., & Jafarpour, Z. (2014). The moderating role of cognitive capital in the relationship between work-family conflict and emotional exhaustion. Personality and Individual Differences Quarterly, 4(7), 91-121. (Persian). https://www.sid.ir/fileserver/je/1038520140305.
Hamidizadeh, A., Rahmati, M., Rashid, A., & Soltani Nejad, N. (2016). Structural modeling of relationships between organizational citizenship behavior, organizational justice, social capital and organizational commitment (case study: Employees of Payam Noor University, Kerman). Scientific-Research Quarterly of Educational Management Research, 9(1), 10-35. (Persian). https://www.sid.ir/paper/266960/en.
Hosseini, Z., Yarelahi, M., Rahimi, S. F., & Salmani, F. (2023). Investigating the factors related to work-family conflicts experienced by working women: A systematic review. Health Scope, 12(1), e129738. https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope-129738
Hurtado, D., Kawachi, I., & Sudarsky, J. (2011). Social capital and self-rated health in Colombia: the good, the bad and the ugly. Social Science & Medicine, 72(4), 584-590.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.11.023
Javadi, R., Rasouli. M., Nazari, Ali, M., & Hosni, J. (2016). Predicting the quality of working life of female teachers based on work-family conflict and organizational commitment. Scientific-Research Journal of Education and Evaluation, 10(38), 79-94. (Persian). https://www.sid.ir/paper/183479/en.
Khoshfar, Gh., & Jandaghi Mirmahale, F. (2017). Examining the relationship between social capital and organizational justice with organizational commitment (case study: education staff of central Golestan province). Sociology of Social Institutions, 5(11), 61-92. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22080/SSI.2018.1909.
Khurshid, S. (2012). Studying the effect of social capital on employees' organizational commitment. Development Management Process, 25(1), 115-147. (Persian). https://journals.sums.ac.ir/article_42641.html
Kirchmeyer, C., & Cohen, A. (1999). Different strategies for managing the work/non-work interface: A test for unique pathways to work outcomes. Work & Stress, 13(1), 59–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/026783799296192
Li, Y. Z. (2016). Emotional intelligence as a moderator in the mental mechanism of emotional exhaustion among preschool teachers: From the perspective of work-family conflict. Studies of Psychology and Behavior Behavior, 14(4), 492–500. https://psybeh.tjnu.edu.cn/EN/Y2016/V14/I4/492.
Lu, L., Kao, S., Chang, T., Wu, H., & Cooper, L. (2008). Work/family demands, work flexibility, work/family conflict, and their consequences at work: A national probability sample in Taiwan. International Journal of Stress Management, 15(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1037/2157-3883.1.S.68.
Maanipour, H. (2013). The relationship between social capital and the components of professional ethics of faculty members in Islamic Azad University units in Gilan province. MA Thesis In Human Resource Management, Islamic Azad University, Rasht branch. (Persian). https://ethicsjournal.ir/article-1-1675-en.html.
Malik, S., Awan, A. G., & Ain, Q. U. (2015). Role of work family conflict on organizational commitment and organizational effectiveness. European Journal of Business and Management, 7, 222-229. https://doi.org/10.12816/0011653.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2000). Emotional intelligence as Zeitgeist, as Personality and as a standard intelligence. Handbook of emotional intelligence. New York: Jossey-Bass. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2001-00355-005.
Mehdad, A., Iranpour, M., & Golparvar, M. (2014). Predicting work-family and family-work conflict through workplace happiness and organizational commitment. New Psychological Research Quarterly, 10(38), 168-185. (Persian). https://psychologyj.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_4086_678.html.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
Mortazavi, N., & Ariezi, H. (2019). The relationship between work-family conflict and organizational commitment: The moderating role of perceived organizational justice. Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology, 21(1), 42-50. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.30486/jsrp.2019.564560.1272.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266. https://www.jstor.org/stable/259373.
Ostovar, S., Salehi, M., & Rudini, V. (2022). Investigating the relationship between quality of work life and work-family conflict with occupational stress of school counselors in Shiraz. Work Psychology Quarterly, 1(2), 25-36. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.30473/JPSY.2023.66023.1021
Sarbaz Najaf Abadi, M. (2014). The relationship between work-family conflict and quality of work life with organizational commitment in employees. https://elmnet.ir/doc/10874586-61114.
Shamsi, W., Hemmati, M., & Enayat, H. (2022). A systematic review of work-family conflict studies in Iran. Sociology of Social Institutions, 9(19), 59-84. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22080/SSI.2022.23099.1978
Soltanzadeh, V. (2013). The relationship between the components of job supports and organizational socialization with organizational commitment among employees of Urmia University. Master's Thesis in Educational Management, Urmia University, Urmia. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22067/pmt.v11i2.73580
Zhou, S., & Li, X. (2021). Does organizational commitment buffer the relation between work-to-family conflict and emotional exhaustion in Chinese preschool teachers? Early Education and Development, 33(7), 1256-1269. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2021.1946760