Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 M.A. of Business Counseling, University of Bojnourd, Bojnourd, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Bojnourd University, Bojnourd, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Bojnourd University, Bojnourd, Iran

Abstract

The aim of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of group reality therapy based on Glaser''s choice theory on career self-efficacy (skills-confidence). The research method was semi-experimental and its design was a pretest-posttest with the control group. The statistical population included all undergraduate students in Bojnord University. The sample consisted of 30 students who were selected purposefully and then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Participants completed Betz at al. Career Self Efficacy Questionnaire before and after the intervention. Experiment group participated in 10 sessions of group reality therapy, and the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using t-test and covariance analysis by SPSS-22 software. Research findings showed the group reality therapy is effective in enhancing the career self-efficacy and it''s dimensions (realistic, investigative, artistic, social, conventional and enterprising).

Keywords

Abdollahi, B. (2006). The role of self-efficacy in employee empowerment. TadbirMonthly Periodical, 17(168), 35-40. (Persian)
Ahesteh, S., Ghashghaizadeh, N., & Afrazi, S. A. (2017). The relationship between psychological capital and job engagement in teachers. Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology Studies, 4(2), 59-74. (Persian)
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavior change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
Betz, N. E., & Hackett, G. (1981).The relationship of career-related self-efficacy expectations to perceived career options in college women and men.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28(5), 399-410.
Betz, N. E., Borgen, F., & Harmon, L. (1996).Skills confidence inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Counseling Psychology Press.
Betz, N. E., Borgen, F., Rottinghaus, P., & Harmon, L. (2003). The expanded skills confidence inventory: Measuring basic dimension of vocational activity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62(1), 76-100.
Chang, Y., & Edwards, J. (2015). Examining the relationships self-efficacy, coping and job satisfaction using social-cognitive theory: An SEM analysis. Journal of Career Assessment, 23(1), 35-47.
Corey, G. (2010). The theory and practice of group counseling. Translation by K., Zahrakar, F., Mohsenzade, A., Heydarnia, A. R. Boostanipoor & A. Sami (2013). Tehran: Virayesh Publications. (Persian)
Donnay, D. A., Thompson, R. C., Morris, M. L., & Schaubhut, N. (2004). Manual of Strong interest inventory. Palo Alto: Counseling Psychology Press.
Gheysarzade, N., & Hossenpor, M. (2011).The effectiveness of cognitive information processing training on increasing the students’ professional self-esteem components. New Discoveries in Psychology, 5(17), 111-124. (Persian)
Glasser, W. (2008). Station of the mind: New direction for reality therapy. New York: HarperCollins.
Glasser, W. (1965). Reality therapy attached pre-introduction to the new reality therapy based on choice theory. Translation by A. Sahebi (2012). Tehran: Saye Sokhan Publications. (Persian)
Haghshenas, L., Abedi, M. R., Mehrabi, H. A., Jafari, A., & Baghbani, I. (2012). Standarization, reliability and validity of Skills Confidence Inventory (SCI). Journal of Behavior Sciences, 3(4), 325-330. (Persian)
Hartman, R. O. (2006). The five-factor model and career self efficacy: General and domain-specific relationships. Ph.D. Thesis of Philosophy in the Graduate Schoole, Ohio State University, Ohio.
Jalali, D., Aghai, A., & Nazari, F. (2010). The effects of group career counseling with the krumboltz's learning theory on self-efficacy, dysfunctional career beliefs. Quarterly Journal of New Approach in Educational Administration, 4(1), 109-126. (Persian)
Kim, M., & Kyung, H. (2002). The effects of reality therapy program on locus of control and responsibility school children in Korea. International Journal of Reality Therapy, 22(1), 30-33.
Kim, R. I., & Hwang, M. G. (2001).The effect of internal control and achievement motivation in group counseling based on reality therapy.International Journal of Reality Therapy, 20(2), 12-15.
Lent, R. W., & Brown, S. D. (2006).Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Son, Inc.
Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (1996). Career develop-ment from a social cognitive perspective. In D. Brown, L.Brooks, & Associates (Eds.), Career choice and development (3rd ed., pp. 373-421). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Prochaska, J. O., & Norcross, J. C. (2007). Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoreticalanalysis. Translation by Y. Seyd Mohamadi (2014). Tehran: Ravan Publications. (Persian)
Sahebi, A. (2016). William glasser: Founder of theory of choice and reality therapy. Tehran: Danjeh Publications. (Persian)
Savadkouhi, A., & Motamedi, E. (2017). The relationship of psychological capital's dimensions with job performance. Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology Studies, 4(1), 59-74. (Persian)
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (1996). Theories of personality. Translation by Y. Seyed Mohamadi (2013). Tehran: Virayesh Publications. (Persian)
Shekarian, S. (2012). Effectiveness of group counseling based on choice theory on academic self-efficacy of high school students. M.A. Thesis of Consulting, Islamic Azad University Behbahan Brench, Behbahan. (Persian)
Shirazi, M., Sargolzai, M., & Arab, A. (2015).The effect of group therapy reality on self-efficacy and self-concept of secondary school students in Hirmand city.National Conference on the 3rd Millennium and Humanities, Shiraz, Iran. (Persian)
Samiee, F., Abedi, M. R., Baghban, I., & Hossienian, S. (2012). Career counseling theories (job selection evolution path). Esfahan: Iranian Student Book Agency Press. (Persian)
Sohrabnejad, S. (2014). The effectiveness of teaching actual therapy concepts on parent-child contradictions and the self-efficacy of male adolescents. M.A. Thesis of Family Consulting, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran. (Persian)
Tracy, T. G. (2002). Personal globe inventory: Measurement of the spherical model of interests and competence belief. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60(1), 113-172.
Wubbolding, E. R., Robey, P., & Brickell, J. (2010).A partial and tentative look at the future of choice theory, reality therapy and lead management.International Journal of Choice Theory and Reality Therapy, 19(2), 25-34.
Zunker, V. G. (2006). Career counseling: A holistic approach. Translation by M. A. Nazari, F. Mohsenzade & A. Bostanipor (2015). Tehran: Samt Publications. (Persian)