همکاری با انجمن روان‌شناسی صنعتی و سازمانی ایران

اثربخشی آموزش مهارت‌های روانی-اجتماعی بر بخشایش‌گری بین‌فردی و اضطراب اجتماعی رانندگان اتوبوس شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 پژوهشگر فوق دکتری، دانشگاه بریتیش کلمبیا

3 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده
یافته‌های اولیه مبنی بر این که رانندگان اتوبوس شهری در نتیجه سطوح بالای استرس شغلی ممکن است در حوزه سلامت روان مشکل داشته‌ باشند، امروزه نیز صادق است. پژوهش­ها نیاز به تمرکز بر مداخلات عملی دارند که به‌طور نظام‌دار برای بهبود سلامت روان رانندگان اتوبوس اجرا و ارزشیابی ‌شوند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی اجرای دوره­ آموزشی مهارت‌های روانی- اجتماعی بر بخشایش بین‌فردی و اضطراب اجتماعی رانندگان اتوبوس شهر تهران انجام شده است. پروژه آموزش رانندگان شرکت واحد اتوبوس‌رانی شهر تهران از سال 1390 آغاز شده و در فازهای مختلف بر روی رانندگانی که متقاضی استخدام در شرکت واحد هستند اجرا گردید. روش این پژوهش از نوع شبه‌تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون بود. 49 راننده اتوبوس شهری با میانگین سنی 43/95 (انحراف معیار = 9.87) در زمینه‌های مدیریت خشم، رانندگی انتقام‌جویانه، ارتباط موثر و مدیریت استرس طی نه جلسه 80 دقیقه­ای آموزش دیدند. برای ارزیابی اثربخشی برنامه آموزشی از مقیاس سنجش بخشایش بین‌فردی و مقیاس اضطراب در تعاملات اجتماعی استفاده شد. تحلیل آماری نشان داد که برنامه آموزشی بر سطوح ارتباط مجدد و کنترل انتقام، کنترل رنجش، درک و فهم واقع بینانه و هم‌چنین بر نمره کلی بخشایش تأثیر مثبت داشته و باعث تاثیر معنی‌دار در افزایش توانایی رانندگان در کنترل رنجش آنان شده است. هم‌چنین نتایج نشان داد که مداخله تأثیر معنی‌دار بر کاهش اضطراب در تعاملات اجتماعی در رانندگان اتوبوس داشته است. آموزش مهارت‌های روانی- اجتماعی می‌تواند به‌عنوان بخشی از برنامه بهزیستی برای بهبود سلامت روان رانندگان اتوبوس شهری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. هم‌چنین انتظار می‌رود که این آموزش­ها با تمرکز بر مؤلفه‌های شناختی و رفتاری بر بهبود عملکرد رانندگان اتوبوس و بر کارایی سیستم حمل و نقل تاثیر مثبت داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

The Effectiveness of Psycho-Social Skills Training on Interpersonal Forgiveness and Social Anxiety of Bus Drivers in Tehran

نویسندگان English

Mohsen Shokoohi-Yekta 1
Negin Motamed Yeganeh 2
Ameneh Shakeri 3
1 Professor, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of British Columbia
3 Ph.D. Student in Educational Psychology, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction
Early findings that urban bus drivers are liable to suffer from mental health problems as a result of high levels of job stress, remain true today. The research needs to concentrate on practical interventions that are systematically implemented and evaluated to improve the mental health of bus drivers. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of psycho-social skills training on interpersonal forgiveness and social anxiety of urban bus drivers in Tehran.
Method
The training project of the bus drivers of Tehran bus driving company
started in 2013 and it is implemented in different phases on drivers who are aplicants of employment in bus driving company in Tehran. This study utilized a quasi- experimental research method with pre-test & post-test design. 41 urban bus drivers with an average age of 43.95 (SD = 9.87) were trained in the areas of anger management, revenge driving, effective communication, and stress management over 9 sessions, 80 minutes each. To evaluate the effectiveness of the training program,  Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory (IFI) and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) were used.
 
Results
Statistical analysis showed that the training program has a positive effect on the levels of recomunicating and controlling revenge, resentment control, realistic understanding and also on the overall forgiveness score, and had a significant impact on increasing the ability of drivers to control their resentment (P> 0.05). Also, our results showed that the intervention had a significant effect on reducing social interaction anxiety in bus drivers
(P> 0.05).
 
Discussion
Training in psycho-social skills could be used as part of the well-being program to improve the mental health of urban bus drivers. It is also expected that these trainings by focusing on cognitive and behavioral components will have a positive effect on improving the performance of bus drivers, as well ad the efficiency of the transportation system.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Psycho-Social Skills Training
Mental Health
Social Anxiety
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دوره 9، شماره 1
تیر 1401
صفحه 151-168

  • تاریخ دریافت 26 فروردین 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری 21 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 21 مرداد 1401